Compare and Contrast Inferno and What dreams may come essays

Look into Inferno and What dreams may come articles In the long run, everybody kicks the bucket. Sooner or later, a great many people wonder what will occur in the in the afterlife. Is there a paradise and hellfire? It is safe to say that we are rebuffed for our transgressions? Or on the other hand is demise only the end, there is nothing subsequently? Dante composed the Divine Comedy to some degree to portray what he saw has life following death, and the film, What Dreams May Come, is a free adjustment on Dantes perspective on heck, depicted in the Inferno. There are numerous likenesses and contrasts between Dantes Inferno and What Dreams May Come. Since the film depends on the sonnet, there are numerous likenesses. One of the primary similitudes is that both Dante and Chris have manages on ventures. In the Inferno, Dantes manage is Virgil, a writer from the Roman occasions. Dante considers Virgil to be a tutor in light of the fact that The Divine Comedy was composed to display the Aeneid, composed by Virgil. In What Dreams May Come, Chris direct, from the start, is his child, Ian. It the start, Chris imagines that his guide is Albert, a specialist who was his coach from an earlier time. Chris accepts this on the grounds that in life following death, Ian decides to look like Albert in light of the fact that throughout everyday life, Albert was the main individual that Chris tuned in to. Another closeness is that existence in the wake of death mirrors the real life. In Dante's Inferno, a few spirits are rebuffed by physical agony, which they can at present feel. Judas, Brutus, and Cassius, are destined to everlasting biting in t he mouths of Satan, in which their blood and puss from their bodies blends in with the spit of the Devil. In What Dreams May Come, spirits in hellfire additionally appear to look like their physical bodies. Be that as it may, in heck, don't appear to look as they pick. Rebuffed spirits are faces in the ground; their entire body is covered in the ground, aside from their head which sticks above. Despite the fact that the disciplines both look like the real life, the spirits are there for totally different reasons. There are additionally numerous contrasts between Dantes Inferno, and What Dreams ... <!

Exclusionary rule and the fruit of the poisonus tree Essay

Exclusionary rule and the product of the poisonus tree - Essay Example Such wrongfully got proof was from now on prohibited structure use in Federal courts. Equity William Day composed the consistent sentiment, saying that the Fourth Amendment basically typifies the early English customary law rule that ‘a man’s home is his castle’, and that it was expected to â€Å"forever secure the individuals, their people, houses papers, and impacts, against every single irrational inquiry and seizures under the pretense of law.†2 Equity Day proceeded with what might be one of the most cursing arraignments of illicit police direct as he contended that â€Å"the inclination of the individuals who execute the criminal laws of the nation to get feelings by methods for unlawful pursuits or upheld admissions . . . should discover no assent in the judgment of the courts which are accused consistently of the help of the Constitution and to which individuals of all conditions reserve a privilege to offer for the upkeep of such principal rights.†3 The fundamental component of this contention is that in light of the fact that the police and investigators had routinely performed illicit pursuits and â€Å"pressured† (some would state tormented) suspects into giving admissions, the minor reality that the wrongdoing was broad and of long length gave no guard. Strangely, Day’s contention was basically something contrary to William Rehnquist’s contention for keeping the Miranda rights. Renquist co ntended that while the constitution may not ensure or require such rights, the reality cap they had become some portion of the general texture of the lawful framework specifically and of American culture when all is said in done they had become a basic texture of the lawful landscape.4 While the real thinking behind the exclusionary rule might be to some degree murky now and again, particularly in these early situations when it was in effect at first being created, and before its offspring had fleshed out the entire, its organization appears to have been catalyzed by a perspective on

Friendship essays

Kinship expositions Companions. Would you be able to envision what life would resemble without them? Who might you spend time with in the cafeteria during lunch? Who might you tell about the new love in your history class whos both charming and brilliant? Who might you have those long distance race telephone discussions with, you know, the ones that make your folks insane? As one becomes more established, their view on fellowship changes and the gathering of companions they had decreases. ...youths look for reconciliation in the companion gathering, they are slanted to remove themselves from social control, guardians and different specialists (Rutger 675). As a small kid, companionship doesn't generally exist, the companions that a youngster truly has is progressively similar to an experience. Playing with another youngster one day and afterward returning home, that was that until the two children happen to meet once more, which is by and large in preschool. At the point when a kid is playing with another youngster it seems as though everything spins around every childs needs. What toy you needed and where you needed to play (Kalb 56). As the youth continues into the rudimentary evaluations they start to comprehend that kinship is something beyond a mate. They begin to see their companions perspective, share insider facts, plans and sentiments and help look for answers for issues. Center school before long comes what's more the body changing, so do the companions that an individual has. During this time in life the pre-adult experiences pressures from friends, school, and male/female connections and to adapt to these weights, it is simpler to converse with an individual in a similar circumstance rather than a parent that will more than likely censure. In youthfulness, as indicated by Dianna Booher, ...companionship is the most significant relationship in their lives. Perhaps that is on the grounds that kinship is a relationship we openly decide to fulfill our particular individual needs. Our folks, siblings, and sisters were given to us (11). T... <! Fellowship papers Fellowship There are numerous significant things throughout everyday life, except companionship might be one of the most significant. To live without the experience of kinship, is existence without living. Human collaboration is a need to endurance, however created kinships are basic to the fruitful prosperity of anybody. In light of Webster's Dictionary, the meaning of a companion is, An individual whom one knows, likes and trusts. But to all, Friendship has no characterized phrasing. The meaning of a companion, and kinship, depends on one's own thoughts. Numerous individuals search for various qualities in companions, things that might be basic in nature. There are various kinds of companions that one needs or needs. There are Five unique classes for these companions. It is best in nature to perceive and acknowledge different sorts of companions. The primary kind of companion in the fellowship is a colleague. This is the starting to all fundamentals, and more profound kinships. This is the individual with whom, is just known on an unadulterated, and fundamental level. The knowledge to this present individual's life, is simply a perception from an individual's recognition. For the most part, these are the sorts of companions that an individual may meet in school, at work, neighborhood hang outs, or some place that is frequented regularly. They are welcomed with a unimportant grin, and day by day welcoming. These are the individuals that know about their associate's presence and value their exertion. Their caring words can put a grin on the substance of anybody, however the genuine significance is not really reality. The Waitress at the nearby café could be a colleague, in the event that she knows an individual's standard daily schedule, just as waves on the off chance that she is seen outside of work. The conventional associa te might be somebody that sits in class that is shared. It could even be a companion of a companion, somebody that is seen much of the time however the degree of discussions once in a while going into profundity. These people we meet, scarcely address, yet w... <!

How a horse changed my life Essay Example

How a pony changed my life Essay I was helping my AH bunch with our International night table when I chose to play my karma at the wager table. I put all my cash Into one bin and really won the pool bushel. It was a bushel for horse darlings and Included pony prepping items and books about ponies. I never rode a pony since I was brought into the world with different inabilities Including a fastened spinal line and perilous latex sensitivity. My greatest test In life has been living on the outlives range. I was unable to associate with swarms, boisterous commotions and I abstained from being part f gatherings and exercises. I didn't have fearlessness or an energy and my mental imbalance influenced my capacity to mingle. My mom perceived how energized I was tied in with willing and she took me to the pony ranch for a moving exercise. I before long found an energy. It was right now, that the spinal indulged was analyzed. I had significant medical procedure to fix the imperfection. After my medical procedure, I needed to confront the test of living with a mostly deadened entrail and bladder and needed to figure out how to utilize my legs once more. From the outset I would stroll close by the ponies, and afterward I started riding ponies once more. The pony I was riding and strolling with name was Pippin. We will compose a custom article test on How a pony changed my life explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on How a pony changed my life explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on How a pony changed my life explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer He never abandoned me regardless of how feeble I was. Pippin was my closest companion and was consistently there for me when required somebody to converse with. A year after my medical procedure Pippin and I were preparing for my pony appear. I finished tumbling off in light of the fact that I was as yet frail. At the point when I fell Pippin didn't flee like must ponies. He remained directly close by till I got up. The following week I won my first pony rivalry and began to look all starry eyed at the game. Pippin before long turned out to be a piece of the Master Family for all the work he did with me, and for his prize he currently goes through his days resigned in an extraordinary large animal dwellingplace with a decent field.

How to Cite Pokemon GO in MLA Format

How to Cite Pokemon GO in MLA Format (0) Ask students to have a little fun by making  them cite the most recent national craze: Pokemon GO. Apps have become a ubiquitous part of modern life. Just think of how many apps you use everyday in the classroom and at home. It’s probably not a stretch to think that someday a student will also need to cite one for a paper. I’m using Pokemon GO as an example since I love it (and who wouldn’t want the ability to use Pikachu in an assignment?), but you can have students cite any app using the same information below. For example, an app you use in school, like EasyBib (Android / iOS). Gathering Information Apps can be cited as software in MLA 7; you’ll use a lot of the same information to create a citation in MLA 8. Some details can be found on the app itself, but the bulk of information you need will be on the app’s page in Google Play or the Apple App Store. You will need the following pieces of information. The information I’m using for Pokemon GO is in orange: Author: Creator of the app. Format as: Last name, First name. Most apps will have only a company listed and no author. In those cases, leave the author blank. None Software/App Title: Title of the app. Pokemon GO Type: If it’s an app on your smartphone or tablet it is “Computer software.”  Computer software Website/Container Title: Where did you get the app? This is usually the “Apple App Store” or “Google Play.”  Apple App Store Version: What version did you view?  1.3.1 Publisher/Sponsor Name: Put the name of the company that produced the app. For the Apple App Store, it will under the “Seller.” For Google Play it will be under “Offered By.”  Niantic, Inc. Date Electronically Published: Last date the software was updated. Format it as: Day Mon. Year.  10 Aug. 2016 Date Accessed: The date you access the app when citing it. Format it as: Day Mon. Year.  16 Aug. 2016 URL: Add the URL of the app page in the Apple App Store or Google Play.   itunes.apple.com/us/app/pokemon-go/id1094591345?mt=8 MLA 7     This is the general format for citing software in MLA 7. I also recommend also using our EasyBib form for citing software for a guided way to create the citation. Overview: Author. Italicized Software/App Title. Type. Italicized Website Title. Vers. #. Publisher/Sponsor Name, Date Electronically Published. Web. Date Accessed.  URL. Actual Citation: Pokemon GO. Computer software. Apple App Store. Vers. 1.3.1. Niantic, Inc., 10 Aug. 2016. Web. 16 Aug. 2016.  //itunes.apple.com/us/app/pokemon-go/id1094591345?mt=8. MLA 8   MLA 8 uses one standard citation format for all source types. Here’s one way to cite Pokemon GO with the most commonly used fields in the new container format. Overview: Author. Italicized Title of Source (App Title). Container one version #, Container one publisher’s name, Container one date of publication. Title of Container Two, Container Two Location (URL). Actual Citation: Pokemon GO. Version 1.3.1, Niantic, Inc., 10 Aug. 2016. Apple App Store,  itunes.apple.com/us/app/pokemon-go/id1094591345?mt=8. If you have a particularly studious student, you can also have them cite individual articles in the Pokedex about their favorite Pokemon. For example: 001 Bulbasaur. Pokemon GO. Version 1.3.1, Niantic, Inc., 10 Aug. 2016. Apple App Store,  itunes.apple.com/us/app/pokemon-go/id1094591345?mt=8. - We have already begun working on EasyBib support for MLA 8, and expect it to be ready this fall. We recognize that some schools may take some time to adopt MLA 8, so we will continue to support MLA 7 as part of our offerings. Also, we have a collection of citations guides for MLA format in for both editions. Keep an eye out for this new style coming soon to an EasyBib near you!

How Ethics and Culture Contribute to Business Success - 1375 Words

How Ethics and Culture Contribute to Business Success (Essay Sample) Content: NameInstitutionCourseDateHow Ethics and Culture Contribute to Business SuccessThe success of any business depends immensely on the image it portrays to the people around it. These people include the customers, investors/shareholders, the staff, government and its competitors. It is as such that the importance of any business image is regarded highly in public as it holds invaluable value when determining the success chances of the business. This paper examines how business ethics contribute to the establishment of a successful business brand through the creation of a business culture within the law.Holding to the law is in itself sufficient to fulfilling one's ethical duties. In the spirit of creating a working business culture or corporate culture, ethics of doing business have to be observed. In as much as the argument goes, there are no "right" set of values to follow; considerations have to be made in line with what is right in a social sense. These considerations greatly fall within financial, religious and aesthetic values of the society.In the long run, these values serve the ends of human well-being with no regard to personal or selfish interests hence promoting impartial social welfare. Therefore, by following the law, certain standards and principles of operating businesses regardless articulate a culture acceptable within the society of its operation.With the knowledge that compliance with the law at times prove insufficient for business morals and ethics due to the ambiguity as many Acts are not illegal until declared by courts, businesses that observe particular ethics in the way of conducting their work have to resort to what they deem right. So, relying on the law alone to guide on what is acceptable and what is not is never enough. It is up to the business management regarding as to how they view/access what is ethically right from what is wrong in the context of their business environment.Relevance of Ethics to BusinessEthics in any business helps all stakeholders involved in any business in any capacity in understanding the basics in the management of the business. Such understanding includes questioning what people deserve and, or, demand. Also questions like, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"What is fair or just?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"What is unfair or unjustà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"What is wrong with greed?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ should be addressed.With ethics, businesses can determine the right from the wrong considering the consequences of the latter. This is always based on the importance of ethical rights and principles agreed upon in the business and accepted by the stakeholders. In most cases, the underlying thresholds are always determined by duty, promise, property, rights and justice. It is these driving principles that help strike a balance in what people find to be the common good at both personal and communal level. However, people are allowed to differ on ethical judgments when there seems to be no way in deci ding between competing conclusions.It is always in the hope of every entrepreneur that their business is able to meet the demands of their target market and in return offer them income if not profit. However, not every thriving business is an ethical business. Ethical businesses are those that consider the set standards of the market in which they operate in every strategy they employ. Such standards include meeting customer expectations, providing genuine goods and services meeting the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s value, respecting the culture of the local community, paying taxes to authorities and contributing to the development of the local area.Business enterprises at times fail to live to these set expectations. Cases arise of slavery, tax evasion, counterfeit goods and sub-standard services. It is by taking part in such short-cut modes of pursuing quick gains that reputable businesses turn from being ethical to unethical. At a quick glance, one would be right to pass a quick verdict o n any business to be flourishing until the audit report on the same business is published.How Utilitarianism go Against Fundamental Ethical PrinciplesUtilitarian ethical theory suggests that it is indeed possible to determine the ethical significance of an action by looking at the consequences of the action. The concept of utilitarianism hence directs us to decide based on the overall consequences of our acts. By doing so, we aim at maximizing the overall/greatest good for the greatest number of people. It is on such basis that strong democratic policies and institutions are anchored.By being pragmatic and accepting that consequences determine actions, utilitarianism acknowledges two kinds of values, instrumental and intrinsic. The two make it possible to have an independent decision-making standard for good and bad which is different from egoism/self-interest mentality.As much as it might sound beneficial, this principle leads away from the fundamental ethical principle. This is be cause there will rise problems in ways to measure happiness and satisfaction. When considering customers and clients as part of business, their satisfaction forms a critical part of the business model in a fundamental ethics theory.Another problem is the differing versions of good and bad implications for human freedoms. Freedoms can be undermined in utilitarian models of business as the business management will focus on working with what they feel gives the best results and profits to ...

Virtue Ethics Application to Business Ethics Essay

Virtue Ethics Application to Business Ethics As with all forms of ethics, whilst written about in a general sense the ethical thought appear a feasible process and an appropriate way to act and behave, it however needs to stand up against certain moral issues to ‘test’ its fallibility. Business ethics would be one such example. Aristotle, the farther of virtue ethics felt community care is the reason for the market system. A business would be selfless economic structure and ethos. Aristotle’s word, ‘oikonomikos’ is used to show this household trading and community-based economy Virtue ethics as described by Aristotle has a central thesis of improving oneself to be a better person. If†¦show more content†¦Macintyre would agree that the latter would fail is the tow crews were in competition, he would however maintain that the sense of pride of work is more important than the pursuit of profits. Macintyre would argue that current ethics of Western corporations is unethical, Milton Freedman’s article explaining a firms only aim is to maximise profits and has no social responsibility would be absolutely contested by Macintyre, who would argue that money is not the end rather a means to a further end of social responsibility. Kindness would be an important virtue to own, and with this character trait you would expect the individual to shown compassion and lovingness in a situation. For example is it acceptable to sack able workers purely because they are excess to needs of the company and by saving money on there wages you can earn more for yourself. The virtuous answer would be no it is far better to treat your staff with the up most respect than to run a business for the maximisation of profits. Proponents of virtue ethics could argue that by treating your staff more virtuously you will reap finical rewards anyway. They may be more willingShow MoreRelatedImmanuel Kant s Ethical Theory1111 Words   |  5 Pagesutilitarianism theory explains option in paying the inspector $500.00 would be most preferable as it will maximise happiness for Ted, his employees and the inspector. Kantian Ethics Kant s ethical theory is deontological theory. In deontological theories actions are evaluated as ethical or unethical based on one duty. Kantian ethics theory includes duty for the sake of duty regardless to human happiness, unlike utilitarianism. Immanuel Kant defined duty as â€Å"the action which is objectively practicalRead MoreEthics: The Human Imperfection of Greed Essay838 Words   |  4 Pagescountries are issues dealing with ethics. Many philosophers throughout the centuries have created works and theories on ethics, among them Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Ethics may generally be defined as the study of morality (Cohen, p. 17). Aristotle on Nicomachean Ethics said Virtue†¦ being of two kinds, intellectual and moral, intellectual virtue in the main owes both its birth and its growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time), while moral virtue comes about as a result ofRead MoreEthics And The Ethical Issue Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesISSU E – application of Ethical The ethical issue is a conflict that Luke faces is that between disclosing confidential information about the company to his brother, or being 100% honest and/or remaining loyal to a member his family. ANALYSIS Virtue Ethics Luke could use the principals of virtue ethics to determine if he should inform his brother Owen of the Company ABC’s development project. Virtue ethics is a term of art, initially introduced to distinguish an approach in normative ethics, whichRead MoreA Ethical Issue Of Accounting1673 Words   |  7 Pagestax preparer and the tax payer in the long run. This is a universally recognized issue as tax returns are prepared in several countries throughout the world. This will be further discussed in detail by applying three ethical theories –Utilitarian, Virtue and Deontological theories. ETHICAL ARGUMENT #1 – Utilitarianism According to utilitarianism, a choice is only ethically right if it results in the greatest amount of happiness for the most amount of people (Farias, 2014, slide 12). This ethicalRead MoreLuke s Ethical Dilemma Of A Adult Entertainment Retail Store Plan Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagespolicy, that the in expectation of the property value in the area is expected to go down drastically to his brother Owen. ANALYSIS-APPLICATION OF ETHICAL THEORIES Utilitarianism One method Luke can use is the Utilitarian approach. â€Å"Utilitarianism is the ethical perspective which most easily helps us to address the relationship and responsibilities between business and society† (Gustafson 326). In general, it recommends actions that result in a great benefit, than harms to the majority for everyoneRead MoreMoral Aspects Of Business Ethics989 Words   |  4 PagesMoral Aspects of Business Business Ethics: The buying, selling and trading of goods are practices that have existed from the dawn of creation and will most likely continue until extinction. These customs are comparable to many other necessary established applications and practices. Take for example the complexities of Republics, in theory this form of government is intended to empower the citizens of a nation rather than a single ruler. Its purpose is to promote equality and justice across the nationRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Morality1478 Words   |  6 PagesEthics Paper In my organization, the ethical system used is egoism. Egoism exists in the normative realm of ethics and morality and explains what should be in an organization (WK 2, L1). This idea of should is used to express a distinct moral connotation (WK 2, L1), but this is where egoism complicates the concept of the normative domain. As was stated previously, within the normative sphere we find ethics and morality; and although many believe these terms to be interchangeable, they are actuallyRead MoreSocial And Ecological Responsibility Of Business1528 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Business ethics in global economic can simply define in terms of social and ecological responsibility of business. According to these definitions, business ethics requires that business decisions should not focused on some of the socioeconomic and cultural of the decision, but also counterproductive in certain socioeconomic. This means that people who work in the business world should consider how their economic decisions affect others people, society, and even the environment.Read MoreAristotle s Theory Of Virtue1493 Words   |  6 PagesNicomachean Ethics is a reflection as to what virtue is. Aristotle’s definition of virtue can be described as the as the â€Å"state of character concerned with choice, lying in a mean relative to us, this being determined by reason and by that reason by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it† (Nicomachean Ethics, 31). In addition to that, Aristotle illustrates two types of virtue that stem from his primary idea; mor al and intellectual virtue. Aristotle expounds moral virtue as actualizingRead MoreEthical Approaches Critique Paper1118 Words   |  5 PagesApproaches XXX XXXUniversity Instructor: XXX Course Name: XXX Date: XXX This paper summarizes each of ethical approaches, especially the Grand Principles, Nash’s Covenantal Business Ethic, Damon’s Four Dimensions of Business Morality, and Hill’s (2008) Christian Ethic for Business. Also, this paper critiques each of them through analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of approaches. Finally, the most favor approach is provided at the end. The Grand Principles which are

Essay about Violent Video Games A Bad Choice for Parents...

Violent Video Games: A Bad Choice for Parents and Children A twelve year old boy named Paul sits about three feet from the fifty-two inch screen television with his eyes fixated on his character, a humanlike fox. He is able to use his game controller without looking away from the television. He sits erect and is so focused on what he is doing that he is unaware of everything that is going on around him. Occasionally he will yell out Die! Die, sucker! Just then his five year old brother, Skyler, stops beside him. Skyler exclaims with a smile, What are you playing? followed by, Can I play? The violence has caught his eye. Paul replies, Sure, but I need to show you how to work the controller. He continues†¦show more content†¦Todays technology no longer allows video games to consist of simple characters of simple colors doing simple things. The technology of todays video games has gone beyond the older generations wildest imagination. The older generation of video gamers would not have thought that the characters could stop to smell the flowers or have a conversation with a dinosaur. However, the children of today cannot imagine their video games without these virtual-reality worlds that provide them with a different experience every time they play. Children are lured into these games because of the look and feel of the lifelike characters that have movie screen qualities. These high-tech three-dimensional games allow children to experience the virtual characters as if the child were really inside the game (Moltenbery 1-2). Children who become addicted to video games do so because of the feel of being in a virtual-reality world, which allows them to be one of two kinds of viewers. The first one is a third-person viewer, where the player sees the acts performed by the character. The other kind is the first-person viewer, which allows the player to see through the eyes of the character. Some of the top selling first-person games are: Star Fox Adventure, Top Gun, and Mortal Combat. These first-per son games are the most sought after because the children love the feelShow MoreRelatedVideo Games Affecting Youth1177 Words   |  5 Pages The violence that children execute in today’s modern time could have a new factor that parents could not even imagine. Many children today spend most of their time playing video games and this could reflect a negative role in a child’s bad behaviors. Nearly all children, especially in the United States, have or have had a video game console or some type of electronic device that contain video games. Video games in general are not to be blamed but a certain category that majority of the gamers playRead MoreNegatives Of Violent Video Games1358 Words   |  6 PagesNegatives of Violent Video Games Enemies coming in from your left, a building collapses in front of you, but you plunge ahead. A bomb goes off behind you, taking thousands of innocent lives. You hear a bullet whiz past your head and out of the corner of your eye you see bright red blood seeping out of your ear. But you ignore it; you have to keep going if you want to win this battle. Sounds graphic, right? No one would want their child experiencing this. So then why are so many parents allowing theirRead MoreViolent Videogames On The Youth Population Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesTopic: Violent Videogames Organization: problem-problem-solution Specific Purpose: To address and validify the real impact of violent videogames on the youth population. â ¦  Introduction â ¦  Attention Getter: Can violence in video games lead to violent outbreaks and bad behaviour in real life, many people believe so. Are these violent video games moulding and fuelling today’s generation of young minds to a more violent side, forgetting the idea that these games are solely for entertainment purposesRead MoreVideo Game And Violent Video Games1574 Words   |  7 PagesAlong with the rapid development of the internet in recent years, game and violence game have become companions of young people. We could not deny the fact that video game already has strong attraction for many people. Especially in today’s society, when work pressure is growing, gaming is an effective solution to relieve tension, dispel feeling of fatigue, anxiety. Playing the normal video game, which it not include any violence scenes, plus regulatory reasonable playing time can help players relaxedRead MoreGame over: the Effects of Violent Video Games on Children Essay1416 Words   |   6 PagesGame Over: The effects of Violent Video Games on Children Seven hours. That is the amount of hours a day the average American child plays a video games (Anderson 354), and with technology advancing and games becoming more graphic, the concern over a violent game’s effect over a child’s development is growing. What does playing video games for seven hours do to a child’s development? Violent, role-playing video games adversely affects a child’s development and causes aggression in children and adolescents;Read MoreVideo Games: Good or Bad? Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesVideo Games: Good or Bad? The battle of researchers, depicting whether video games are beneficial or detrimental to children seems to be a new but ongoing argument. With advances in technology and the overwhelming effect of video game entertainment, whether on a computer, video game system, or hand-held device, it is increasingly difficult for parents to monitor their children while occupying their time playing these games. There is more negative research versus positive especially since theRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Mega Vid1371 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual brand in the market. Mega-vid is a video game company providing video games targeting all age groups. The company is attempting to deal with increased consumer criticism on the effects of video games in relation to aggressive behavior. Step 1: Problem Mega-vids is determined to deal with consumer critics that are impacting the company’s progress. Some of the problems that are Mega-Vid is currently facing include the growing concern that the games that the company produces is affecting teenagersRead MoreThe Effects Of Violent Video Games On Children1359 Words   |  6 PagesKhan, Mohammad Salman English 1001 Rebekah Barton 5/4/2015 Effects of Violent Video Games â€Å"Boom! Headshot† â€Å"Time to kill that commie bastard† these are not from some war movies or documentaries. These are the dialogues of some recent games in market. In modern age, children often feel proud about the number of people or enemy they managed to kill when they are playing these games in various console. While even a decade before, this would not be the normal past time of an eleven year old teenage kidRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Young Children And Growing Teenagers1610 Words   |  7 PagesInfluence of Gaming Controversy about video games continue to escalate between parents and gamers, regarding the psychological effect of simulated, realistic, and 3D violence on the minds of young children and growing teenagers. Yet, research shows that video games contribute very little to today’s everyday violence, despite complaints and concerns that games influence a child’s normal behavior. Technology is a way of life in today’s world, computers are used by toddlers, adolescents, andRead MoreIs Video Game Violence the Cause of Juvenile Delinquency? Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesInteractive video games and the Internet have become the entertainment of choice for Americas adolescents. Nearly seven in ten homes with children now have a personal computer (68.2%), and 41% of homes with children have access to the Internet. Annual video game revenues in the United States exceed $10 billion, nearly double the amount of money Americans spend going to the movies. On average, American children who have home video game machines play with them about 90 minutes a day. The impact

How The Other Half Lives Essay - 1805 Words

The variations in the living standards among the people from place to place, and from time to time have always been existent. Greed, injustice and inequality are the three sides of the triangle of poverty and wherever we see them, poverty is always there. Humans cannot overcome a serious problem such as poverty without addressing those three main causes. Even this problem is worldwide; it varies from one area to another. It is higher in areas which were colonized for a long time before such as Africa, Asia and Latin America than other areas which were not colonized for a long time such as Europe and America. We cannot imagine the swift change that happens in the last century in poverty. Surprisingly, it is only one percent of the population that controls most of the international financial assets, creating a massive change in the international landscape of poverty. It was mentioned in the introduction to the text that was taken from Jacob Riis’ book â€Å"How the Other Half Lives† this quotation: â€Å"Curiously, today, that economic divide has changed and we now speak of a much wider division: the one percent versus nighty nine percent†. It is interesting, but not surprising to see today with all modern thinking and technological progress, poverty is still growing to threaten our existence and it doesn’t seem to go away anytime soon. Most definitely, without addressing the three sides of the triangle of poverty which are greed, injustice and inequality, nothing really will workShow MoreRelatedHow The Other Half Lives By Edward Bellamy1111 Words   |  5 Pagesof the problems of social equality. In the novel â€Å"How the Other Half Lives† by Jacob A. Riis, he highlighted not only the horrendous living conditions of the poor, but also their working conditions. He both observed and documented the horrible impact that the slums of New York had on the people that lived there. He exposed the world of the â€Å"other half† . Both of these reformers expressed their views of how they perceived the progressive era and how it affected the overall population. Various socialRead MoreJacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Riis How the Other Half Lives In How the Other Half Lives, the author Jacob Riis sheds light on the darker side of tenant housing and urban dwellers. He goes to several different parts of the city of New York witnessing first hand the hardships that many immigrants faced when coming to America. His journalism and photographs of the conditions of the tenant housing helped led the way of reformation in the slums of New York. His research opened the eyes of many Americans to the darkerRead MoreHow The Other Half Lives1916 Words   |  8 PagesWell done, Jacob Riis, well done. In the book How the Other Half Lives, published in 1890, harsh criticisms and observations, along with photojournalism, of the appalling conditions of New York City tenements and their neighborhoods are examined through the eyes of Jacob Riis. As a reporter at the time for The New York Tribune, his writing and photography sparked reform and forced many people, even the likes of Theodore Roosevelt, to focus their attention on the horrendous conditions in which theRead MoreThe Gilded Age By Jacob Riis1483 Words   |  6 Pageshowever, America appeared to be a country of chaos and desperation. The necessities that people could not imagine living without today, such as fresh air and sanitary houses, were often a luxury to these immigrants. Jacob Riis, the author of How the Other Half Lives, visited several areas in New York to observe the appalling living conditions that various immigrants were stuck in. After making these observations, Riis ultimately criticizes the greedy landlords but also places considerable amount of blameRead MoreThe Life of Immigrant Children In New York Essay1344 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the â€Å"slum† landlords of these tenements exploited immigrants by charging them more rent than they could afford. As a result, every member of the family had to work—even young children. Subsequently, in 1890, Riis wrote a book entitled: How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements o f New York, which included his horrifying photographs and sketches, as means to expose to the middle class the chaotic environment of tenement living. Although Riss’s book exposes a myriad of social and economicRead MoreHow the Other Half Lives Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pages17, 2005 Book Report #2 How the Other Half Lives Introduction The book How the Other Half lives, is one of those books that definitely affects you as soon as you read it. Jacob Riis the author of the book, wrote it exactly for the purpose, to affect people and get them to realize how bad the conditions were back then in New York City. He goes into full depth, of what the living conditions were like, who lived in them, and how they were affected by them. Mostly how each ethnic group lived inRead MoreHow the Other Half Lives Reflection999 Words   |  4 PagesMy Name Professor Name American History II 04October 2007 A Reflection on How the Other Half Lives by the Other Half The author of How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis, inscribes on the deplorable living conditions of the Progressive Era from a first-person perspective. Riis, an immigrant, police reporter, photojournalist and most importantly: a pioneer and social reformer, tells a very captivating yet appalling experience of the lower class life in New YorkRead MoreHow The Other Half Lives Is Hailed As The Defining Text1569 Words   |  7 PagesHow the Other Half Lives is hailed as the defining text in promoting awareness and civil action to improve the living conditions of the lower classes. The excerpt and images appeal to the audience’s emotion and sense of Christian service. Riis appeals to his audience through his words and accompanying pictures. He describes the lives of the tenement women and children, the most vulnerable of society. He focuses on the visible negative characteristics of his subjects’ poverty: abuse, hunger, diseaseRead MoreHow the Other Half Lives: The Por trayal of Jacob Riis1064 Words   |  5 PagesRiis’ views through his book ‘How the Other Half Lives,’ is conveyed by storytelling and is largely made of logos, however the key component is actually ethos, like a politician running a campaign, Jacob Riis’s uses logos and pathos to create a persona of authority on the topic of the poor in New York City. I am going to look in depth on how Riis uses different approaches to convey his views to his audience: why does do some of Riis’ key texts contradict each other? Is he conscious of if? Is itRead More The Reality of Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesThe Reality of Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Jacob Riis’ book How the Other Half Lives is a detailed description on the poor and the destitute in the inner realms of New York City. Riis tries to portray the living conditions through the ‘eyes’ of his camera. He sneaks up on the people flashes a picture and then tells the rest of the city how the ‘other half’ is living. As shocking as the truth was without seeing such poverty and horrible conditions with their own eyes or taking in the experience

Why I Am A Teacher - 933 Words

We are first taught to speak, because we need words to acquire the skill of writing, and then we are taught to write, because we need a way to express ourselves. There has to be a beginning, each and every distinct story has a beginning, but how can we find the beginning when we were incoherent of who we were? In the society that we grew up in writing is a must, in fact the better writers we are the further we will go in life, or that’s what everyone says right? So at a young age I remember that being drilled into my brain, if you don’t learn to write you won’t go into the next grade, if your handwriting is too bad you won’t get into the next grade, I remember those words being shoved down my throat every single solitary year of school. When I was starting kindergarten I could already write the basics because my parents thought this was a very important skill and made sure both my brother and I could both read and write well enough. I remember the nights w here I would lay in my bed and my mom or dad would sit on the side of the bed and read me stories. I can still visualize myself looking over at the book shelf and just loving every single book on the shelf, the lights were just dim and they would read, I can still hear their voices and remember how their words would affect me. I can truly thank my parents for first developing me into both a reader and a writer at such a young age. When I was trekking through elementary school I can remember multiple times when a teacher orShow MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Teacher807 Words   |  4 Pageswhat kind of job a person is going to take, a basic question to answer is about why. Why I want to be a teacher? This is one thing about which I has to be very clear before I decide on anything else such as what type of teacher I desire, or which subject, or where I want to teach. There are several aspects that have motivated me to be a teacher. First, the significant position of education in China makes teacher a most honored and respected role that attracts me. Second, my interest in teachingRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher909 Words   |  4 Pagesin school. At the beginning of high school, I had already acquired plenty of experience writing and had found my style of writing. High School has given me a chance to further explore different ways to write and allowed me to learn what I do and do not like writing about. This past semes ter of DE English has felt like the next step in my evolution as a writer. During middle school I wrote in my english classes many times just like everyone else. However, I was in a program called â€Å"Focus† from fifthRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1287 Words   |  6 PagesThe first reason I decided to become a teacher because I have always enjoyed interacting, inspiring and guiding young people. I remember as a kid I always used my little chalkboard and pretend to teach to my friends what I had learned in school. I am also very patient and love to learn new material and explain it to others. The second reason, my ESL teacher during my first high school year was a real inspiration to me; I admire her ability to guide students. The third reason, when I started workingRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe people in my life I have always looked up to the most have been my teachers. When I was a child, they seemed all-powerful, the givers of the knowledge I didn’t even know I sought. Now, as a teenager, I still hold the opinion that educating the next generation is one of the noblest tasks a person can devote themselves to. Like many children, I went through many â€Å"dream career† phases: astronaut first, inspired by the â€Å"Magic School Bus† books, then veterinarian, a seemingly natural fit with my loveRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher Essay1577 Words   |  7 PagesDream Big I clearly remember the day my mother brought home a small wooden desk for me. I cherish that desk so much because not only did I use it to do my homework, but I also used to play school. Even though I was very young, I knew I wanted to be a teacher. So the years went by and I was now a senior in high school and so close to achieving my goal of being a teacher. I knew attending college would be difficult, my parents, older sister, and I had no clue where to begin, or if it was evenRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1913 Words   |  8 PagesEver since I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. I remember sitting in grade school thinking, â€Å"Someday, I’d love to be doing what my teacher is doing now.† And amazingly, as I grew older, the age level at which I wanted to teach got bigger and bigger. However, as I approached the completion of my high school years, I realized that while teaching was a passion, it wasn’t a profession. It wasn’t the mone y necessarily (though that is daunting to a student going into education) but I realizedRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Growing up, I was the daughter and granddaughter of excellent teachers. I always saw how dedicated my mother and grandmother were to their profession. I saw first-hand the late night grading, the parent-teacher conferences, and all the joys and burdens of being a teacher. So, without a doubt I knew I wanted to experience the same joy of being a teacher and being able to inspire students to learn, just like my mother and grandmother. I learned early on that teaching was not a regularRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1221 Words   |  5 Pagesunique, influential teacher to drive a student into a specific field, and in my case, those teachers were Ms. Kim and Mr. Salters. When I entered fifth grade, I thought math was fun and interesting, but then in Mr. George’s class, I was berated quite loudly in front of the entire class for being an idiot after misplacing a digit. I had loved science and math until that point. For many students, this would be the end of the road for loving math and science. Thankfully, later I was fortunate enoughRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pages INTRODUCTION I believe that because I have wanted to be a teacher since I was a little girl. Not only have I wanted becoming a teacher for many years, but also I have had many teachers in my past, good and bad, who have assisted me in realizing that teaching was the profession for me. I have started to work as a teacher assistant in a school for autistic children. Teaching is a challenging task. One shall perform his duty with the highest degree of excellence, professionalismRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher Essay859 Words   |  4 PagesTeacher Questionnaire 1. Yes. And I believe teacher minister students beyond just what he/she lectures. When I was teaching art in the university, just my students are asked to be committed in their studies in art, making connection with the practical fields, I hold myself to set an example for students in commitment and integrity as an artist. I believe a teacher plays the role as a guide and a supporter in students’ learning progress. 2. Growing up, I was blessed with several passionate teachers

Dbq12 the Industrial Revolution Beginnings Answers Free Essays

DOC #1 This document would help support the geographical/resource paragraph for the essay question – essentially, England had coal which powered machines, iron which created the machines and wool which the machines made into thread and then textiles. If the map is to scale, it is easy to infer that the resources were fairly close to canals or ports which meant less expense and faster shipping to the factories. DOC#2 This document supports the geographical/resource paragraph for the essay – factories needed a large, mobile population to work in the factories. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq12: the Industrial Revolution: Beginnings Answers or any similar topic only for you Order Now DOC#3 This document supports an innovation paragraph because the idea of the assembly line was first used in the textile mills to increase production. This document could also be used to support the resource paragraph because if there were not so many people available to work in the factories, then there would not be enough people to man the assembly line. DOC#4 This document aids the resource/geography paragraph as it discusses the coal, iron and wool resources’ proximity to ports and rivers. These waterways cut down on shipping time and cost, as land shipping is usually more costly due to the length of time it takes. Because thee resources are close together, they can also be easily experimented with, due to the lower shipping costs. DOC#5 This document would support an innovation/scientific paragraph as it focuses on how English thinkers are able to work on their inventions. DOC:6 This document can be used in an innovation paragraph as it focuses on what inventions produced which results. It could also be used to support a resource paragraph as it infers that with these inventions, less people were needed to work, so more people were available to work in factories. It could also be used to support a factory paragraph as it describes the inventions that created the first textile mills, the first industry in England. Doc7 This document could support an innovation paragraph due to the improvements in agriculture which are able to support a growing number of city dwellers due to increased harvests. It could also support a resource paragraph as it infers that less people are needed on farms to plant and harvest crops; therefore, people are available to work in factories. Doc8 This document would support a resource paragraph as it describes how farms create more food and infers that more people are available for other jobs. It could also support a political paragraph as it states that Parliament id not interfere with the consolidation of land into large farms. Doc9 This document would support a political paragraph as it states that England’s freedom in politics and economics, as compared to other countries like France and Germany where businesses are strictly regulated and shipping costs are prohibitive toward industrial development, led to its status as being the first country to industrialize. How to cite Dbq12: the Industrial Revolution: Beginnings Answers, Papers

Fat Tax free essay sample

This report proposes that these costs and problems need to be addressed, and one avenue through which they can be is a junk food tax. This report proposes that there be a federal tax placed on junk food purchases, similar to the taxes placed on gasoline and tobacco products. This tax would dissuade people from purchasing unhealthy food items. At the same time it would help the nation offset some of the financial costs that obesity has generated. The proposition is not a fix-all, but it is a good start. Taxation of Junk Food, A Proposition to Battle the Obesity Epidemic in America Obesity is a condition that can be found in nearly every social class, geographic location, and age group in our society today. Every year there are more people who fit this profile; more people who are obese. While many view this condition as merely a cosmetic one, the truth is that there are serious consequences to being overweight. We will write a custom essay sample on Fat Tax or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of these consequences include: the health risks such as diabetes and heart disease, early death because of those conditions, economic impacts due to lower productivity, astronomical health care costs, and numerous social problems that arise due to the lethargy and early mortality of obese parents and the inactivity of overweight children. These issues are significant, and need to be addressed in order to solve the problem. First, the causes of obesity must be understood, so that adequate solutions can be generated. Then solutions need to be created and put into effect such that the causes of the epidemic will be addressed at a minimal social cost. The information in this report shows that a large portion of those who suffer from obesity can attribute a large portion of their weight to junk food. This food is high in calories and low in nutritional value. This report also shows that many of these people choose to consume these products due to its convenience and relative low cost. I propose that in order to address this cause, and decrease consumption of junk food due to convenience and low cost, a federal tax should be levied against all foods that fit the profile of a junk food. I propose that this action would decrease economy purchases of less nutritious foods, and encourage consumers to consume more healthy diet options based on economic feasibility. Â  The Obesity Epidemic The issue of obesity is one that is complex and widespread. In order to understand the scope and implications of this condition, one must first understand what it is, and who it affects. Not everyone who is overweight is obese. Scott Ingram describes the difference between obesity and overweight as overweight being anyone who weighs more than the someone in the normal range for how old and tall they are, while in order for a person to be labeled obese, they must have enough body fat to put them 20 percent higher or more than their ideal weight (Ingram, 2005, p. 23). In other words, if a person’s ideal weight for their height and age is 140 pounds, and they weigh 150 pounds, they are overweight; but if they weigh over 168 pounds they are obese. This difference is important, as it indicates exactly how much overweight obese people are. They are all more than 20 percent over their target weight, which is significant enough to cause the problems that are being discussed in this report. The health and social issues caused by the state rest of the population that have not reached the 20 percent mark, but are still overweight are not even considered in this report. However, these issues will be positively affected by this proposal as well. It is also important to note that this problem is not isolated to a specific group of individuals, although there are groups that are higher risk than others.

Universal Neurosis Essays - Freudian Psychology, Sigmund Freud

Universal Neurosis SIGMUND FREUD and UNIVERSAL NEUROSIS Sigmund Freud defined the goal of psychoanalysis to be to replace unconscious with conscious awareness, where the ?id was ego shall be,' and through this an individual would achieve self-control and reasonable satisfaction of instincts. His fundamental ideas include psychic determinism, the power and influence of the unconscious, as opposed to the pre-conscious mind, the tripartite division into id, ego and super-ego, and of course the ideas of universal illusion and universal effects of the Oedipal Complex. The examination of the Oedipal Complex is the most essential to the understanding of Freud's theories since he claimed that due to the resistance, repression, and transference of early sexual energies the world had developed a universal complex which did not allow for the healthy development of individual's but lead instead to the neurosis and mass illusion of religion. For his perceivably vicious attacks on religion and his logical and yet totally undermining examination of reli gion and other vital social issues, Freud has been slandered and his theories criticised simply because of the away he addressed these painful issues. Through the systematic development of the theories of psychoanalysis, all stemming from one another and all tied together into a universal Oedipal Complex and religious illusion, the ideas of the tripartite human psyche and wish-fulfilment that Freud developed came under fire from critics for their controversial messages and analysis. Briefly stated, the Oedipus Complex is the preservation in the adult individual of the perceptions, strategies and scars of a conflict the individual underwent during his/her pre-school years. According to Freud, these perceptions, etc, later colour and shape the individual's future experiences. This psychological crisis results when a young child's sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex collides with the competition, rivalry and overwhelming power of the parent of the same sex. According to Freudian theory, the ghosts of this Oedipal crisis haunt us our entire lives. Psychopathology, slips of the tongue, dreams, and religious experience all were understood to be functions whose origins and energy resulted from this repressed material. In his later work, Freud interpreted the reports of his clients (reports offered under hypnosis, under verbal encouragement and suggestion, and finally, in the later work, reports given through free-associations) as revealing a universal Oedi pal drama. Freud found what he took to be evidence for the universal existence of the Oedipus Complex in the testimony of patients, in his analysis of the repressed in dreams, in slips, wit, and the transference phenomenon, as well as in art, philosophy and religion. As the child develops, he/she identifies with the parent of the same sex and renounces incestual desire. This renunciation is achieved and strengthened by the formation of the super-ego, a section of the child's ego identified with the childhood image of the parents (the parental Imago) perceived in consciousness as conscience and as the ego ideal. The ego ideal is the self's conception of how he/she wishes to be and is a substitute for the lost narcissism in childhood when ?I' was my own ideal. When projected onto or into the world, the Imago (a word used by Freud to describe unconscious object-representations) is taken by the experience to be a veridical perception of a divine being. Throughout life, these experiences of this childhood conflict are alive and present in the unconscious of the individual. This childish, magically thinking, ever desiring, instinctually driven self is described topographically by Freud in his tripartite division of the person as the ?id' (Latin for ?it '). That part of the individual responsible for maintaining congress and connection with reality and mediating between the id and reality is the ?ego.' That part of the ego, largely and usually unconscious, which bears and enforces the ego ideal, is the ?super-ego.' An activity is ego-syntonic just in case it strengthens the ego in its function of mediating between the demands of reality, basic instinctual drives (of appetite, aggression, and sexuality), and conscience. As mediator, the ego needs to make adequate contact with both the external and internal demands involved. Thus, one of its main tasks is ?reality testing' - making an accurate determination of the limits imposed on the organism by the external world including one's

Sample of Words Essay on Social Studies Career Goals

Sample of Words Essay on Social Studies Career GoalsWhen a student is trying to figure out how to structure a sample of words essay on social studies career goals, it is a good idea to organize the material in a logical way. There are many different formats and directions that students can take to organize the materials for their sample of words essay on social studies career goals.One of the first things a student should do is to write down what they want to accomplish from writing this essay. From here, they should write down the different areas that they want to cover with their essay. This helps them identify what areas of writing they will need help with and that they will be able to handle on their own.Students should start by writing their goals for this essay on topics related to the topic of their academic essays. This will allow them to focus on areas of their goal writing where they can learn more about this subject. This will also give them something to focus on as they b egin to write the first drafts of their sample of words essay on social studies career goals.Next, students should write their reasons for wanting to study a specific career. They should choose careers that interest them most. This can be a broad topic like world history or a more specific topic like international politics. They can use their interests to create the best sample of words essay on social studies career goals that they can.Students should then write a description of the different kinds of careers that they want to work on. They should write different types of careers and choose topics that are related to those careers. By listing the different kinds of careers that they want to study in this way, they will be able to make a list of the various careers that they have listed.Finally, they should include a few paragraphs that describe their experiences in the field that they want to write about in their sample of words essay on social studies career goals. These paragraph s should include information about the different experiences that they have had in the career. It should also include information about the challenges that they faced and the strategies that they used to overcome these challenges.Students should also make sure that they use their key skills in their essay. These skills can be anything from language skills to critical thinking skills. By having these skills as a part of the samples of words essay on social studies career goals, students will be able to use those skills to help them organize the material for their writing assignments.Making sure that the sample of words essay on social studies career goals contains the skills that a student needs to succeed in college is an important aspect of making sure that the essay is the most effective. By making sure that students can use the key skills that they learned in high school to help them learn about careers and about other subjects, students will be able to get the most out of their research.

Battle of New Market in the Civil War

Battle of New Market in the Civil War The Battle of New Market occurred on May 15, 1864, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). In March 1864, President Abraham Lincoln elevated Major General Ulysses S. Grant to lieutenant general and gave him command of all Union armies. Having previously directed forces in the Western Theater, he decided to give operational command of the armies in this region to Major General William T. Sherman and moved his headquarters east to travel with Major General George G. Meades Army of the Potomac. Grants Plan Unlike the Union campaigns of the preceding years which sought to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, Grants primary goal was the destruction of General Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia. Recognizing that the loss of Lees army would lead to the inevitable fall of Richmond as well as would likely sound the death knell of the rebellion, Grant intended to strike the Army of Northern Virginia from three directions. This was made possible by the Unions superiority in manpower and equipment. First, Meade was to cross the Rapidan River east of Lees position at Orange Court House, before swinging west to engage the enemy. With this thrust, Grant sought to bring Lee to battle outside of the fortifications the Confederates had constructed at Mine Run. To the south, Major General Benjamin Butlers Army of the James was to advance up the Peninsula from Fort Monroe and threaten Richmond, while to the west Major General Franz Sigel laid waste to the resources of the Shenandoah Valley. Ideally, these secondary thrusts would draw troops away from Lee, weakening his army as Grant and Meade attacked. Sigel in the Valley Born in Germany, Sigel had graduated from the Karlsruhe Military Academy in 1843, and five years later served Baden during the Revolution of 1848. With the collapse of the revolutionary movements in Germany, he had fled first to Great Britain and then to New York City. Settling in St. Louis, Sigel became active in local politics and was an ardent abolitionist. With the start of the Civil War, he received a commission more based on his political views and influence with the German immigrant community than his martial ability.   After seeing fighting in the west at Wilsons Creek and Pea Ridge in 1862, Sigel was ordered east and held commands in the Shenandoah Valley and the Army of the Potomac. Through poor performance and an unlikable disposition, Sigel was relegated to unimportant posts in 1863. The following March, due to his political influence, he obtained command of the  Department of West Virginia. Tasked with eliminating the Shenandoah Valleys ability to provide Lee with food and supplies, he moved out with around 9,000 men from Winchester in early May. Confederate Response As Sigel and his army moved southwest through the valley towards their goal of Staunton, Union troops initially encountered little resistance. To meet the Union threat, Major General John C. Breckinridge hastily assembled what Confederate troops were available in the area. These were organized into two infantry brigades, led by Brigadier Generals  John C. Echols and Gabriel C. Wharton, and a cavalry brigade led by Brigadier General John D. Imboden. Additional units were added to Breckinridges small army including the 257-man Corps of Cadets from the Virginia Military Institute. Armies Commanders: Union Major General Franz Sigel6,275 men Confederate Major General John C. Breckinridge4,090 men Making Contact Though they had marched 80 miles in four days to join his army, Breckinridge hoped to avoid using the cadets as some were as young as 15. Advancing towards each other, Sigel and Breckinridges forces met near New Market on May 15, 1864. Deploying on a ridge north of the town, Sigel pushed skirmishers forward. Spotting the Union troops, Breckinridge opted to take the offensive. Forming his men south of New Market, he placed the VMI cadets in his reserve line. Moving out around 11:00 AM, the Confederates advanced through thick mud and cleared New Market within ninety minutes. The Confederates Attack Pressing on, Breckinridges men encountered a line of Union skirmishers just north of the town. Sending Brigadier General John Imbodens cavalry around to the right, Breckinridges infantry attacked while the horsemen fired on the Union flank. Overwhelmed, the skirmishers fell back to the main Union line. Continuing their attack, the Confederates advanced upon Sigels troops. As the two lines neared, they began exchanging fire. Taking advantage of their superior position, the Union forces began to thin out the Confederate line. With Breckinridges line starting to waver, Sigel decided to attack. With a gap opening in his line, Breckinridge, with great reluctance, ordered the VMI cadets forward to close the breach. Coming into line as the 34th Massachusetts began their attack, the cadets braced themselves for the onslaught. Fighting with Breckinridges seasoned veterans, the cadets were able to repel the Union thrust. Elsewhere, a thrust by Union cavalry led by Major General Julius Stahel was turned back by Confederate artillery fire. With Sigels attacks faltering, Breckinridge ordered his entire line forward. Surging through the mud with the cadets in the lead, the Confederates assaulted Sigels position, breaking his line and forcing his men from the field. Aftermath The defeat at New Market cost Sigel 96 killed, 520 wounded, and 225 missing. For Breckinridge, losses were around 43 killed, 474 wounded, and 3 missing. During the fighting, ten of the VMI cadets were killed or mortally wounded. Following the battle, Sigel withdrew to Strasburg and effectively left the Valley in Confederate hands. This situation would largely remain until Major General Philip Sheridan captured the Shenandoah for the Union later that year.

Living Fossil Plants - Ginkgo, Metasequoia, Wollemia

Living Fossil Plants - Ginkgo, Metasequoia, Wollemia A living fossil  is a species that is known from fossils looking just the way it looks today. Among animals, the most famous living fossil is probably the  coelacanth. Here are three living fossils from the plant kingdom. Afterward, we will point out why living fossil is no longer a good term to use. Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba Ginkgoes are a very old line of plants, their earliest representatives being found in rocks of Permian age  some 280 million years old. At times in the geologic past, they have been widespread and abundant, and the dinosaurs surely fed upon them. The fossil species Ginkgo adiantoides, indistinguishable from the modern ginkgo, is found in rocks as old as Early Cretaceous (140 to 100 million years ago), which appears to have been the ginkgos heyday. Fossils of ginkgo species are found throughout the northern hemisphere in rocks dating from Jurassic to Miocene times. They disappear from North America by the Pliocene and vanish from Europe by the Pleistocene. The ginkgo tree is well-known today as a street tree and ornamental tree, but for centuries it appears to have been extinct in the wild. Only cultivated trees survived, in Buddhist monasteries in China, until they were planted across Asia starting about a thousand years ago. Ginkgo Photo GalleryGrowing GinkgoesLandscaping with Ginkgoes Dawn Redwood, Metasequoia glyptostroboides The dawn redwood is a conifer that sheds its leaves every year, unlike its cousins the coast redwood and giant sequoia. Fossils of closely related species date from late in the Cretaceous  and occur all over the northern hemisphere. Their most famous locality is probably on Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian Arctic, where stumps and leaves of Metasequoia sit still unmineralized from the warm Eocene Epoch some 45 million years ago. The fossil species Metasequoia glyptostroboides was first described in 1941. Its fossils were known before that, but they were confused with those of the true redwood genus Sequoia and the swamp cypress genus Taxodium for more than a century. M. glyptostroboides was thought to be long extinct. The latest fossils, from Japan, dated from the early Pleistocene (2 million years ago). But a living specimen in China was found a few years later, and now this critically endangered species is thriving in the horticultural trade. Only about 5000 wild trees remain. Recently, Chinese researchers described a single isolated specimen in Hunan province whose leaf cuticle differs from all other dawn redwoods and exactly resembles the fossil species. They suggest that this tree is truly the living fossil and that the other dawn redwoods have evolved from it by mutation. The science, along with much human detail, is presented by Qin Leng in a recent issue of Arnoldia. Qin also reports vigorous conservation efforts in Chinas Metasequoia Valley. Wollemi Pine, Wollemia nobilis The ancient conifers of the southern hemisphere are in the araucaria plant family, named for the Arauco region of Chile where the monkey-puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana) lives. It has 41 species today (including the Norfolk Island pine, kauri pine and bunya-bunya), all of them scattered among the continental fragments of Gondwana: South America, Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Ancient araucarians forested the globe in Jurassic times. In late 1994, a ranger in Australias Wollemi National Park in the Blue Hills found a strange tree in a small, remote canyon. It was found to match fossil leaves going back 120 million years in Australia. Its pollen grains were an exact match to the fossil pollen species ​Dilwynites, found in Antarctica, Australia, and New Zealand in rocks as old as Jurassic. The Wollemi pine is known in three small groves, and all specimens today are as genetically alike as twins. Hard-core gardeners and plant fanciers are very interested in the Wollemi pine, not just for its rarity but because it has beautiful foliage. Look for it at your local progressive arboretum. Why Living Fossil Is a Poor Term The name living fossil is unfortunate in some ways. The dawn redwood and Wollemi pine present the best case for the term: recent fossils that appear identical, not just similar, to a living representative. And the survivors were so few that we may not have enough genetic information to explore their evolutionary history in depth. But most living fossils dont match that story. The plant group of cycads is an example that used to be in the textbooks (and may still be). The typical cycad in yards and gardens is the sago palm, and it had supposedly been unchanged since Paleozoic time. But today there are about 300 species of cycad, and genetic studies show that most are only a few million years old. Besides genetic evidence, most living fossil species differ in small details from todays species: shell ornamentation, numbers of teeth, configuration of bones and joints. Although the line of organisms had a stable body plan that succeeded in a certain habitat and lifeway, its evolution never stopped. The idea that the species became evolutionarily stuck is the main thing wrong about the notion of living fossils. There is a similar term used by paleontologists for fossil types that disappear from the rock record, sometimes for millions of years, and then appear again: Lazarus taxa, named for the man that Jesus raised from the dead. A Lazarus taxon is not literally the same species, found in rocks millions of years apart. Taxon refers to any level of taxonomy, from the species through the genus and family up to the kingdom. The typical Lazarus taxon is a genus- a group of species- so that matches what we now understand about living fossils.

Zero Tolerance Policy in the K-12 United States Education System Research Paper

Zero Tolerance Policy in the K-12 United States Education System - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that the Gun Free Schools Act (GFSA) enacted in 1994, inter alia, empowers the educational institutions â€Å"to expel from school for a period of not less than one year a student who is determined to have brought a weapon to a school†.   In view of the changing environment in the social spectrum and the unprecedented technological developments not even predicted by sociologist and futurist, Alvin Toffler in his Future Shock, it is attempted to seek an answer to the question: Is there is a need to revisit such provisions of this act and the other related acts such as Goals 2000: Educate America Act on account of the inhibiting factors and ominous consequences to the students and their families involved in enforcement of these laws in relation to zero tolerance policy.   At the instance of Pennsylvania Parent Teachers Association (PTA), a proposal in relation to zero tolerance policy is being submitted to the Senator Arlen Specter .   We expect that his compassion for the students makes him as an advocate in addressing the needs of students.   His clout as a senior Senator with wide experience and respectability would be helpful in carrying out the necessary amendments to the act(s). This paper has been prepared after careful study and analysis of the various alternatives, factors involved and the existing policy environment with the recommendations in this respect.

Immigration in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Immigration in Britain - Essay Example The emergence of nation-states made immigration a political issue: by definition it is the homeland of a nation defined by shared ethnicity and/or culture." (Wikipedia: Immigration). According to the source data presented in the graphics above there is currently a total of 191 million immigrants worldwide. The statistics also unveil that the last 50 years has seen an almost doubling of immigration entailing the movements of 115 million immigrants into developed countries. Official statistics indicate that more than two million foreign nationals have moved to Britain in recent years and nine in 10 of them came from outside Europe. According to the sources, a net 2.3 million immigrants arrived between 1991 and 2006, the majority from Africa and Asia. The other important dimension presented on the facts is that hundreds of thousands of short-term immigrants are not included in official statistics whilst the sources indicate that the counting system is grossly unreliable that it is not feasibly possible to know the true immigrants population of Britain. Through the surge of globalization, various factors trigger the movement of people from their native countries to other countries. The factors can be categorized into social, economic and political. The nineteenth century has particularly experienced phenomenal proportions of immigrations triggered largely by civil and economic strife and unrest in various countries especially in the third world or developing countries categories. Researches that have conducted to assess the impact immigration on the economic aspects of matters have unveiled certain notables in the nature and patterns of immigration in UK for the past 50 years. The movement of foreign nationals into the UK has resulted in the significant increase of the labour supply. This has been so notably in low job realms which are naturally not preferred by British natives. Immigration in the UK has also impacted significantly on Aggregate Demand in cases where there have been more people spending and therefore increasing demand for labour. This has also brought significant dynamics in the wages systems. Immigration into The UK has led to the spiraling for unemployment especially for the foreign nationals owing to largely to various reasons chief of which include the lack of critical skills and proficiency in the English language. This has often led to a diminishing range of available job opportunities resultantly culminating in structural unemployment. This setback has also been aggravated by the realities of racial discrimination in some instances. On positive dimensions immigration in the UK economy which has been dogged by a shortage of certain key public sector workers, especially in London, has helped alleviate labour gaps. This has been in the shape of immigrants getting trained to be nurses, doctors or teachers they can help fill labour market shortages. Also owing to the fact that immigrant is largely of working age, immigrants in the UK have helped overcome the demographic problems inherent in ageing population. As such this has lowered income tax levels whilst the other

Conducting Quantitative Cost And Schedule Risk Analysis Construction Essay

Conducting Quantitative Cost And Schedule Risk Analysis Construction Essay Every single project, in fact, will face unexpected conditions during execution phase. These conditions have different impacts, improving or reducing project performance. If those conditions, especially the bad ones risks, are not well identified up front, they may potentially destroy the overall project execution. Project Risk Management is a world class process in identifying, assessing and developing plans to reduce or eliminate the risk impacts. In term of cost and schedule, this process prevents significant cost overrun and schedule slip by applying adequate contingency. One of Project Risk Management methodologies is Quantitative Risk Analysis. This study covers the combination of two AACE International Recommended Practices, Range Estimating and Expected Value, in conducting Quantitative Risk Analysis to determine the adequate contingency needed using simple Microsoft Excel ® spreadsheet. Range Estimating method is used to identify and examine project uncertainties on each project schedule task durations and project cost components and Expected Value for project specific risks. Utilizing Monte Carlo simulation, the combination resulted on the S-Curve which was more skewed to the right. It reduces the project likelihood to achieve objectives with baseline cost and schedule is reduced and more contingency is needed to cover identified risks and uncertainties. The combination of both methods is very useful for comprehensive quantitative risk analysis. It will help project team to specify, identify, examine and encompass overall risks and uncertainties aspects which potentially impact to project outcomes and support management decision in determining adequate contingency requirement. Introduction Successful project management requires strong leadership and organizational capability, good decision making process, achievable planning, effective communication, coordination and effective project control and monitoring of project execution. Effective combination of those requirements will guide the entire project team to carry out outstanding performance in achieving project objectives. As Project Management definition above; cost, schedule, quality and safety are project key performance indicators or targets which determine successful project execution or not. During project execution phase, naturally, there are a lot of situations and conditions which were not predicted and potentially impact to project performances especially for cost and schedule. Those situations and conditions are defined as project risks and uncertainties. In this case, project uncertainties are not only impact to worse outcome but potentially to better project outcome. Realizing those potential risks and uncertainties, a project team requires a good project planning with comprehensive process to manage those risks and uncertainties. This process is defined as Project Risk Management. In the following sections through the conclusion, the Author will discuss his perspective about: General project risk management How to prepare, develop and perform quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis How to combine Range Estimating and Expected Value method in quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis How to determine appropriate contingency level based on quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis result Project Risk Management Project risk management should have a good planning in order to make alignment among project team members and project stakeholders. Project risk management plan includes work flow and processes, risk factor screening matrix, risk owner determination including role and responsibly, monitoring and reporting. Usually each Corporation Company has their own standard project risk management process. This standard will be guidance, fit for purpose, for each project for developing specific risk management plan. Risk Assessment In this step, project team will identify all possible risks and uncertainties that may impact the project execution. A risk management workshop is usually held to review and capture potential project risks and uncertainties by brainstorming session. Depend on project size and complexity, beside project team members, other support teams, such as Supply Change Management, Government and Public Relation, Law, etc; experienced project teams which have similar project scope and experts are encouraged to participate in this workshop to gain values, alignment and perspectives. Risk Analysis After all possible project risks and uncertainties were identified, and then project team analyzes and assesses each risk qualitatively or quantitatively. For qualitative approach, project team will assign potential impact and likelihood of occurrence of each respected risk using risk factor screening matrix, shown on Figure 2, agreed in risk management plan. The combination between risk impact and likelihood will determine risk criticality category or level. One of quantitative approach is conducting cost and schedule risk analysis by developing cost and schedule model, assessing and determining variability (uncertainties range) of each point estimate, define project specific risk events and then using Monte Carlo simulation to provide cumulative probabilistic output (more commonly known as S-Curve), shown on Figure 3. Monte Carlo simulation helps project team and stakeholders understand the range uncertainties and likelihood of achieving the planned outcomes. This simulation also can provide sensitivity (tornado) diagram which represent project risk drivers (priority) of respected point estimate. Risk Mitigation Since not all risks have high (critical) level impact to project outcome, project team need to prioritize all analyzed risks. Then project team need to develop risk action plan including specific mitigation plan, associated timing and resources and assign risk owner to all prioritized high level impact risks. Then this process continues to action plan implementation. From Process Map for Risk Management, showed on Figure 1, we can see that project risk management is not only event based process but it is a continuous process that will improve project understanding on risks and uncertainties that potentially impact to project outcome. Project risk management is most effective if it is monitored, controlled and adjusted if required. Quantitative Cost and Schedule Risk Analysis In project world, risks and uncertainties are translated as contingency. Contingency refers primarily to the amount of quantity of funds, time or other financial resources that is required to be allocated at and above the previously designated cost and schedule estimate amount to reduce the risk of overruns to an acceptable level for the financially. As mentioned above, quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis utilizes Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo is one of technique and tool for risks and uncertainties analysis. This tool is used for generating probabilities through random sampling or iteration of all possible value of uncertainties and risks. The simulation result accuracy depends on number of iterations. The accuracy can be illustrated as follows: This method can support project team in quantifying project risks and uncertainties and determining appropriate contingency level. Using mathematical techniques and models, quantitative risk analysis numerically comes up with cumulative probabilistic result. This simulation result communicates potential risks and allows the management to select appropriate risk (contingency) level based on company approach. Without this valuable information, projects invested cost and schedule could be in corrected and causing underestimate which possibly came up with project overruns. This condition can possibly cause the project to require funding amendment to achieve project outcomes. There are several steps in conducting quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis: Developing cost and schedule models. Using Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS) as starting point are best practices in analysis model development. The cost and schedule models should represent all project scopes. Determine associated risks and uncertainties variables of each cost or schedule elements From developed models, we determine associated risks and uncertainties on each cost and schedules elements. AACE International has published two Recommended Practices (RP) in conducting risk analysis and contingency determination. They are using range estimating RP 41R-08 and expected value RP 44R-08. Assign Probability Distribution Function for each cost or schedule elements Since we will use Monte Carlo simulation, we need to define possible values from risks and uncertainties variables determined from previous step. In this case, we have to define probability distribution of each cost and schedule elements. Triangular distribution is the most common probability distribution type used for cost and schedule variables. Assign correlation factor between related or depended cost or schedule elements Since there are possibilities of dependency of some cost or schedule elements, project team need to assign correlation factor between two or more elements. Correlation factor is defined from -1.0 to +1.0, where 0 indicates no correlation. Without appropriate data, correlation factor is quite difficult to determine. Analyze the models using Monte Carlo simulation Monte Carlo simulation will generate cumulative probabilistic curve (S-Curve) which shows alternative cost or schedule probabilities based on risks and uncertainties variables inputted. Besides producing this curve, Monte Carlo also able to communicate cost and schedule elements which drive uncertain result. This information is provided by Tornado Diagram, shown on Figure 4. Analyze simulation result and generate report The S-Curve communicates how likely our current (base) cost and schedule estimates are to over-run or under-run and how much contingency is needed to justify level of confidence of project to finish on time and on budget. Each company has own target and willingness to accept risks. As Tornado Diagram provides prioritized risk drivers information, project team need to develop mitigation plan to reduce amount of risks and uncertainties impact and likelihood of occurrence of respected risk drivers. As mentioned previously, quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis should be conducted periodically. In line with mitigation plan progress, we expect that several risks and uncertainties impacts already have been reduced. By having continuous risk analysis and mitigation plan, it will maximize a projects chance to be delivered on time, on budget and safely. Cost and Schedule Risk Analysis for Appropriate Contingency Determination using Range Estimating and Expected Value Methods As described above, after we developed cost and schedule models, the next step is determining associated uncertainties and risks that as per experiences and data may influence and impact to project execution. AACE International recommends two methodologies in determining associated risks and uncertainties; they are Range Estimating and Expected Value. In Range Estimating method, the project team and other workshop participants will determine the ranges of each cost and schedule elements based on their knowledge, experiences of similar projects and any available data and/or benchmarking information. Utilizing triangular probability distribution function, the determined range will be iterated in Monte Carlo simulation to generate S-Curve. The Expected Value method is used to describe specific project risks that may impact project in specific condition or period of time. The Expected Value in its most basic form can be expressed as follows: If triangular probability distribution function is used for Range Estimating, Expected Value uses Bernoulli probability distribution function for representing the probability of risk occurring of project specific risk. In this section, the Author will illustrate the combination of both AACE International Recommended Practices by using simplified real project cost and schedule estimate data for developing the model, ranges and risk drivers with modified values and also Microsoft Excel with Crystal Ball as Monte Carlo simulation software. 4.1. Quantitative Schedule Risk Analysis with Range Estimating and Expected Value Method The first step in performing quantitative schedule risk analysis is developing schedule model. The best approach in developing this model is by utilizing the Critical Path Method (CPM) schedule. By selecting critical path and near critical path tasks, we will be able to develop the model. The important thing in developing the schedule model, it should represent the entire project scopes. Developing a schedule model network diagram can help all workshop participants in understanding the model and guide the discussion in determining the uncertainties range and project specific risk of each schedule task. Since we use Microsoft Excel spreadsheet in this risk analysis, manual calculations and formulas are used to describe relationship between tasks and determine start and finish date of each task. To prevent logic change during risk analysis discussion, the schedule model should be understood and agreed ahead by all parties who involve in risk analysis. Once schedule model is developed, the next step is determining the uncertainties range of each schedule task. In AACEI RP 41R-08, this method is called as Range Estimating. The risk workshop participants will discuss and determine appropriate uncertainties range, shown in Table 2 with yellow highlights, of each task based on their experiences, judgment and available data. Remember to capture all related discussion during determining the range as workshop evidences and valuable information in the future. As described above, the next step, we have to determine Probability Distribution Function (PDF) for all task ranges and specific risks. In this project, we use triangular PDF for all task ranges, as shown in Figure 6. Once all schedule task ranges are done, then we need to check and determine additional project specific risks which potentially impact to specific project schedule task. In this project example, there are two project specific risks identified and all of them relate with procurement process. In Indonesia, all Oil and Gas Companies have to comply with Indonesian Executive Agency for Upstream Oil and Gas Industry (BPMIGAS) regulation in procurement process (PTK-007). Both project specific risks are retender on material (equipment) and contract procurement processes. Based on data from Supply Change Management (SCM) team, retender on material procurement will add 30 days with likelihood of occurrence is 15% and retender on EPCI contract procurement will add 60 days with likelihood of occurrence is 20%. We use Yes-No PDF for both specific risks represent likelihood of occurrence, as shown in Figure 7. Then material procurement retender risk is applied and tied-in to Major Equipment Bulk Procurement Process ID 4 and also EPCI contract procurement retender risk to EPCI Contract Procurement Process ID 6, as shown in Table 3 the same PDF is applied for Retender Material. After assigned correlation factors, we run the Monte Carlo simulation and come up with S-Curve as shown in Figure 8. From this figure, we can see the likelihood of achieving original project completion date (baseline schedule) is only around 25% of confidence level. If we compare this simulation result with simulation result without project specific risks, as shown in Figure 9, we can see there is approximately 14 days difference on P50 confidence level. It means that project specific risks impact to overall project duration, even though in this project example, the contribution is not significant. It is only 2% of total baseline duration. Using the S-Curve, the decision makers will be able to determine the contingency needed to achieve an expected confidence level. Each company typically has an expectation setting on level of acceptable risk tolerance or confidence level. The contingency level is determined by the difference between the acceptable confidence level and project baseline. If the Mean, represent as Expected Value, is selected as the acceptable level then the project schedule contingency is 72 days. Another advantage in Monte Carlo simulation is identification of high priority risks and uncertainties which drive uncertain simulation result. This information can be illustrated by Tornado Diagram, as shown in Figure 10. In this project example, uncertainties range of schedule tasks drive the project finish date. Since project specific risks have no significant impact to finish date, both risks are not considered as high priority project risk drivers. From Tornado Chart above, project team need to develop mitigation plan to reduce amount of uncertainties impact of respected risk drivers. 4.2. Quantitative Cost Risk Analysis with Range Estimating and Expected Value Method Similar like schedule risk analysis, the cost model can be developed from high level Cost Breakdown Structure. Each cost element is formed by the combination of unit amount (scope) and unit rate. The next step, we will determine uncertainties range of each cost element scope and rate and the result is as shown in Table 4. The triangular PDF is also applied to all cost elements. As we know that schedule slip or delay will contribute in increasing the cost. Several cost elements may depend on specific schedule tasks duration. It means that each cost element risks depends not only its components (scope and rate) but also from on respected duration uncertainties. The cost components uncertainties already determined by range estimating method above. Since specific schedule duration uncertainties potentially impact to specific cost elements, they can be utilized as project specific risks for cost risk analysis. From this project example, there are two schedule task durations are identified and impact to several cost elements as shown in Table 5. Both project specific risks information can be gathered from Schedule Risk Analysis simulation result. The Total Site Installation Duration is defined as all activity durations from Field Fabrication and Assembly until Commissioning Start Up. As Monte Carlo simulation, this project specific risk comes up with S-Curve as shown in Figure 11. From S-Curve above, we can calculate the difference between baseline duration and major percentiles, as shown in Table 6 yellow highlighted and use Triangular PDF for simulation later, as shown in Figure 12. The same method is applied for 2nd specific risk by using Figure 8, the total project duration. After assigned correlation factors, we run the Monte Carlo simulation and come up with S-Curve as shown in Figure 13. From this figure, we can see the likelihood of achieving original project completion date (baseline schedule) is only around 15% of confidence level. If we compare this simulation result with simulation result without project specific risks, as shown in Figure 14, we can see there is approximately US$ 1.2 million difference on P50 confidence level. It means that schedule duration uncertainties (specific risks) allocate significant impact to total project cost, with additional contingency 8%. From the Tornado Diagram, as shown in Figure 15, we can see that schedule duration uncertainties become the main risk driver of total project cost uncertainties, beside several cost components. This condition is concurred with above statement that schedule slip will contribute in increasing the cost. Conclusion The above simulation results show the implication of the combination between Range Estimating and Expected Value methods in conducting quantitative cost and schedule risk analysis. The combination of both methods will help project team to specify, identify, examine and encompass overall risks and uncertainties aspects which potentially impact to project outcomes and support management decision in determining adequate contingency requirement. The quality of quantitative risk analysis result depends on workshop participants knowledge, experiences of similar projects, judgments and any available data and/or benchmarking information. Poor quality analysis leads to inaccurate decision making. Realizing this condition, the quantitative risk analysis should be conducted periodically to ensure the validity of all risks information and effectiveness of mitigation plan. Effective Risk Management plan will improve the likelihood the project in achieving its goals.